What does labelling theory suggest about teachers' labels?

Labelling theory posits that the labels assigned to individuals, particularly by authority figures like teachers, can significantly influence those individuals' self-perceptions and identities. When teachers label students, these labels can become part of the students' self-concept, affecting their behavior and attitudes toward learning. For example, if a student is labelled as a "bright" or "gifted" learner, they may internalize this label, which can lead to increased confidence and motivation, thereby enhancing their academic performance. Conversely, negative labels can lead to lower self-esteem and reduced engagement in educational activities.

This theoretical framework emphasizes the social interaction between teachers and students and highlights how the perceptions formed through these interactions play a crucial role in shaping a student's educational experience. Labels can shape expectations, both from the teacher and from the student themselves, which impacts learning outcomes and social dynamics within the classroom.