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What did Lupton (2004) argue regarding Asian family structures?

  1. Adult authority resembles that of schools, fostering discipline

  2. They are less effective in providing educational support

  3. They promote resistance to all forms of authority

  4. They focus primarily on intellectual achievements

The correct answer is: Adult authority resembles that of schools, fostering discipline

Lupton (2004) conducted research on the influence of family structures on educational outcomes, particularly within Asian families. She argued that the adult authority within these family structures mirrors the authority found in schools. This resemblance fosters a sense of discipline and respect for authority, which can positively influence children’s educational performance. The implication is that the hierarchical and respectful dynamics present in these families create an environment that is consistent with the expectations set within the school system, thereby enhancing educational achievement. While other options may touch on aspects of family dynamics and education, they do not encapsulate Lupton's assertion as effectively. The focus on family authority aligning with school authority is crucial to understanding her argument about discipline and educational success in the context of Asian family structures.